In modern vehicles, electric power steering systems have largely replaced traditional hydraulic assistance. Two prominent solutions exist: EPS (Electric Power Steering) and EHPS (Electro-Hydraulic Power Steering). While both are electrically assisted, they differ fundamentally in design, efficiency, and application.
How EPS and EHPS Work
EPS relies entirely on an electric motor to provide steering assistance. When the driver turns the wheel, a torque sensor detects the input, and an electronic control unit (ECU) calculates the required assist force based on vehicle speed, then commands the motor to act directly. EPS consumes power only when steering is needed.
EHPS (electro hydraulic power steering), on the other hand, is an evolution of conventional hydraulic power steering (HPS). Instead of being driven by the engine, its hydraulic pump is powered by an electric motor. The pump then delivers hydraulic fluid to the steering mechanism, providing assistance that can be varied with vehicle speed—light at low speeds and firmer at high speeds.
The Key Differences between EPS and Electric Hydraulic Power Steering Pump
EPS features a much simpler structure, eliminating hydraulic pumps, reservoirs, and pipes. This leads to higher energy efficiency (over 90%) and around 85% energy savings compared to HPS. It operates quietly and requires no maintenance. However, its purely electric assistance may feel less “natural” to some drivers and can be limited under heavy loads.
EHPS retains hydraulic components, resulting in lower efficiency (60-70%) and continuous energy consumption even when not steering. It also produces some pump noise and needs periodic fluid changes. Yet it offers robust torque output and a solid road feel, making it ideal for heavy‑duty commercial vehicles.
EPS and EHPS Applications and Trends
EPS dominates passenger cars and new energy vehicles, holding 99.91% of China’s NEV passenger market in 2020.
Electric Commercial Vehicle Steering Pump, with about 40.1% of China’s commercial vehicle steering market in the same year, remains strong in trucks and buses where high assist forces are essential. As new energy commercial vehicles proliferate, EHPS benefits from onboard high‑voltage batteries that power large electric pumps, ensuring its continued relevance.
Both technologies continue to evolve, with EPS moving toward steer‑by‑wire and EHPS adapting to hybrid and electric truck platforms.
NF GROUP (est. 1993, 6 factories) is a key NEV component supplier in China and a designated supplier for Chinese military vehicles, offering high voltage coolant heaters, electronic water pumps, BTMS, electric air compressors, EPS, EHPS, electric A/C compressors, three-way valves, parking heaters/ACs, plate heat exchangers, etc.
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Post time: Apr-27-2026
